Category Archives: Tech

The “dislike” button: further ruminations

ReadWriteWeb posted an editorial piece on why the “dislike” button is not coming to Facebook. I can see the author’s point about how the button could have adverse effects upon brands (I’m assuming the “Ripoff Report” sort of effect, in the worst case).

However, from my own perspective and outside of the business perspective, I haven’t exactly found any specific function for the “dislike” or “mod down” button idea, other than to visually show how many people didn’t like an item. Unlike the controversial function of the button on Digg and Reddit (in which a sufficient number of mods-down results in a demotion of the item from the all-important front page), the likes of Facebook and Twitter do not have such all-important front pages which would allow for the easy disappearance of a promoted item due to sufficient amounts of “dislikes” or “downtweets”.

At present, YouTube’s “dislike” button also lacks a specific function other than denoting the number of people who simply did not like a particular video. Instead, an alternate link for the “reporting” of the video to YouTube censors appears when one clicks the “dislike” button.

That’s it. No other function. No impact beyond an aesthetically-skin-deep perception of “democracy”.

Perhaps this neutered version of the “user moderation” feature is useful to those who simply wish to promote their brands or content (and not accept critique of the same), but it bodes ill for future experiments in online user engagement, especially those which may take a functional cue from the likes of Digg and Reddit.

Can drama be “video-clippable”?

From the beginning of the cinematic industry in the late 19th century, the general length of a complete cinematic storyline has changed. Progressing from the longer-form theatre films which, after the landmark films of D.W. Griffith, became the norm for Hollywood features, the cinematic industry eventually incorporated the episodic format which was encouraged by television (and had been initially promoted through radio).

With the rise of the World Wide Web in the 1990s and 2000s and the popularization of video hosting sites such as YouTube after 2005, the cinematic industry has been at pains to incorporate the “video clip” format, in which 5-8-maximum-length videos are published for posted commentary.

The irony about today’s clip culture is that similar-length clips, viewed through peepholes, were what had initially popularized motion pictures before film directors began to lengthen their works to what is now known as “feature-length”. Similar-length music videos (musical shorts), news segments (film reels) and comedy skits were initially popularized through theatre films before the more efficient medium of television.

However, while compilatory, non-plot-driven television series have easily made a transition to the Web as clips, plot-driven dramatic works have not been given a similar, refitting experience from the feature-length theatre and episodic television formats to the Web video clip format.

Situation-driven dramas have constituted a core part of the cinematic arts since the 19th century, but, perhaps due to their adherence to linearity, they may have had the worst time in adaptation to the Web clip format. Radio and, later, television allowed for formulaic dramatic works to adapt to an episodic storyline which could be shown on a daily or nightly basis, a different experience than the feature-lengths which were put out by Hollywood and other industrial centers in the 20th century.

Unlike the episodic series format, which carries a set of central characters into multiple situations which last around 30 minutes to an hour between the beginning of the dilemma to its resolution (or a cliffhanger which links to the next episode in order to see if the dilemma is resolved), the web clip format is of lesser length (each clip being 2-8 minutes at best) and is far more often used to tell unconnected, unserialized short narratives.

A web clip, from the looks of it, may be a poor format in which to tell a long-form dramatic story depicting recurring characters participating in the resolution of some current situation.

However, because of the hyperlinked nature of the Web, it may be possible to allow more than one possible follow-up clip in order to successfully continue the story in the eyes of the user. Any video on YouTube, for example, will link at the end to at least 4 other clips from both within and outside the list of uploads made by the author of the video. Webcomics, while providing for sequential links to the next panel, also link to the first and most recent panels.

So there are a number of possibilities for hyperlink-friendly dramatic situation narrative, such which could be realized through YouTube-sized web clips. After all, pages and chapters don’t really exist on the Web, so why should “episodes”, “seasons” and “series”?

Thoughts on video editing

When I started my Journalism class this Spring semester, I did not anticipate the complexities, or the range of emotions which one can feel when creating and perfecting a video project.

It was not easy, as I had to learn the operation of a video camera for the first time. I also learned (the hard way) that I should be prepared with at least 120 minutes of tape.

When I had to edit the video in iMovie, I initially had to read Apple’s tutorials and ask questions from other colleagues in order to get a grasp of the software (and work around its limitations, which became more apparent as time moved forward).

All of this was done by myself, as my partner had to withdraw from the class due to scheduling conflicts (a necessary thing for any student to do).

However, through the course of the semester and a number of mistakes, I gradually became acclimated towards the process. I took inspiration from years of viewing the cutaway and editing styles of cable/satellite news television programs, but I also managed to work around flaws in my raw footage in order to make sure that the footage tells a story to the viewer, or puts the viewer into the recorded event for however long a duration I can manage.

It’s an exercise which I would encourage a lot of people to at least try once in their lifetimes. Multimedia narratology is a trying but worthwhile process which tests one’s capacity to portray a story for other people to view and forward to others.

You can see my videos for MSC-TV in my portfolio section.

From media personality to editor-in-chief

It was announced Thursday on RollingStone.com that Jay-Z launched a new news website, Life + Times, with himself as Editor-in-Chief. The post also compared this new enterprise by the emcee to actress Gwyneth Paltrow’s news website GOOP, except that the former is already doing better at launch with readers than the latter.

Both are, of course, lifestyle-oriented news sites, except that GOOP (launched in 2007) advertises itself as a weekly newsletter rather than a blog, and the website of the same also possesses a supremely spartan interface. The content of the newsletter was also scathingly reviewed by such outlets as the Daily Mirror, Vanity Fair, The Independent and E-Online.

Life + Times, on the other hand, has an interface which is much closer to the average online portfolio blog than a full-blown news website. One can only tell that the website, designed by Area 17,  is not a personal portfolio or musician promotion page if the page is scrolled downward to the view of the footer.

The interface for Life + Times may very well change afterward in the coming year or so in response to user demand, but it is yet another example of a media personality who is seeking to expand his or her creative pursuits into web news publication.

It is not a new phenomenon, as we have seen Glenn Beck’s The Blaze, Tucker Carlson’s Daily Caller, Dan Abrams’ Mediaite, Alex Jones’ Infowars and PrisonPlanet and Will Ferrell’s Funny or Die. All five editors-in-chief had previously cultivated their careers in either talk radio, broadcast journalism or comedy, but had realized the capability of the Web to allow them to grow beyond their current fan groupings into full-on content management enterprises with paid, regular contributors and correspondents. All five editors are hugely successful with their core readerships and may or may not also have simultaneous presences on television, film or radio.

What ties all of these individuals – from Jay-Z to Glenn Beck to Will Ferrell to Kevin Rose to Leo Laporte – together, in my opinion, is that they were already well-established faces and voices on other media – television, film and radio – before they launched these websites, before they began to employ regular contributors and staff in order to keep a steady flow of traffic, gain an audience of avid readers and try their hands at the managing of popular opinion.

One could say that this is a sign of the Web’s arrival as a premiere medium of mass (and interpersonal) communication. Someone else could say that this is an example of “Too Many Sheriffs” who are competing with each other for avid consumers of their presentation of information.

But all such signs are partially attributable to the comparatively-decentralized nature of the Web as a publishing and broadcasting medium, the tools of which have become increasingly user-friendly to erstwhile and aspiring writers, presenters and other artisans who may not be as skilled in the art of news publication as, say, the journalists who supply content to print and television journalism outlets.

Thus, even as such personalities as Glenn Beck and Tucker Carlson have departed or are about to depart from regular residency in the “TV-land” populated by eyeballs and impressionable minds, they both will likely see much activity with their own news websites for some time to come, as may other personalities.

Privacy, transparency and integrity on the Web

From its establishment in 2005, the website KnowThyNeighbor.org has been mired in controversy by its primary goal: to publicly publish the names of those who signed and sponsored petitions for the passage by referendum of anti-LGBT laws or the rescinding of pro-LGBT laws.

This tactic is an expansion upon the logic behind “outing”, whereby openly anti-LGBT politicians and other figures are exposed as enjoying their sexual orientations under cover of darkness or secrecy. However, KnowThyNeighbor.org took the approach of publishing the names of the signatories behind anti-gay petitions in a number of states, primarily on the premise that such people, however private, were acting as initiators of legislation, an action which is usually the reserve of elected representatives who sit in standing legislatures.

This approach was decried as verging on “intimidation” and was judicially challenged, ending in a victory for KnowThyNeighbor.org in the U.S. Supreme Court’s July 2010 8-1 ruling of Doe v. Reed. Constitutional Law Prof Blog’s Ruthann Robson quoted Scalia’s opinion that:

“Requiring people to stand up in public for their political acts fosters civic courage, without which democracy is doomed,”

while Lyrissa Lidsky commented that the worry about chilling effects upon democratic participation is

outweighed by the need for disclosure, where, as in Doe v. Reed, the speaker is taking action which has “direct legislative effect,” to borrow a phrase from the Ninth Circuit.  The petition signer is not acting merely in his role as citizen but in his role as citizen-legislator.  When he steps into this role, the public’s interests in transparency and accountability in the legislative process arguably trump the rather weak First Amendment speech interest involved, at least where there has been no credible showing that disclosure will result in harassment of or violence against the petition signer.

KnowThyNeighbor.org declared this to be “a major victory” and continues to remain up and running.

But the worry over New Media’s intersection of privacy and transparency has manifested in a number of cases – both civil and criminal – where intimidation has been cited as a motive or implication for the publication of names or contact addresses onto the Internet. One of the most famous examples was the Nuremberg Files published by Neal Horsley, a Georgia anti-abortion activist who published a directory of abortion providers in various states, at least one of whom was murdered. Long story short, the case went to the U.S. Supreme Court, where a prior bar upon the publication was rescinded on First Amendment grounds.

Anonymity vs. transparency has continued to be debated into the present, with Mark Zuckerberg of Facebook and Eric Schmidt of Google having criticized the notion of anonymity on the Internet on the matter of integrity in interpersonal communication, and both have been eviscerated by various commentators for their favorable, business-flavored stance towards “radical transparency” in online social networking.

But does transparency and full exposure – especially over the Internet – necessarily lead to a self-assessment of integrity, of higher thresholds of tolerance, of self-control over one’s choice of expressions (a notion which is often described as “self-censorship”)? Or is a regime of radical transparency always, perpetually unsafe from the occasional breach by an anonymous party?

From the logic of KnowThyNeighbor.org, which used New Media to expose the names of would-be legislators who had already signed their identities to petitions in order to affect the lives of others through the ballot box, to the logic of individuals who compose “(s)**t lists” of individuals who do not intend to negatively affect anyone’s lives without consent, to the logic of individuals who operate and manage opt-in directories of content and identities but maintain a belief in full, unfettered transparency as a prerequisite to integrity, the clash of privacy against transparency continues to bedevil the ongoing discussion on the weighing of the importance of contributors against their own contributions, and whether “responsibility” is as valid in the day and age of quickly-trafficked information (and lingering instances of vigilante retribution) as it once was.

Open video, now remixable

Since the movement for free, open web video began around 2005, a number of companies and projects have emerged which are tackling the issue of HTML5-accessible open web video with a growing body of tools for capture, editing and publishing. Some of this number are listed here:

  • One of Mozilla’s family of projects is “Web Made Movies“, a project encompassing a number of web-based applications, such as Popcorn.js, which allow for the remixing of video playback to incorporate synchronized web elements, among other features. It has been extolled and used by such names as Jonathan McIntosh, who achieved fame through his “Right Wing Donald Duck” parody of media personality Glenn Beck.
  • Another is Kaltura, an Israeli startup which has partnered with such clientele as the Wikimedia Foundation to provide a better, HTML5-based web video player for articles on the Foundation’s projects, such as Wikipedia.
  • Google, of course, has made huge strides toward the promotion of open web video with WebM, utilizing its Google Chrome browser and Android operating system as leverage for open standards against competing, non-supportive browsers (including Internet Explorer – until version 9 – and Safari).
  • Opera was the first browser to support HTML5 video, and was eventually joined by Mozilla and Google in eventual succession.

While the ecosystem for HTML5-based video and free, native web-accessible codecs is still young and under construction, it promises to increase from strength to strength as better, more attractive applications of HTML5 continue to bud forth.

On Twitter and Real-time Microblogging Analytics in News Journalism

Well, the tweets continue to flow these days, and microblogs such as Twitter, Facebook, identi.ca and others continue to make the news. This, however, has historically been treated with kid gloves by news journalists and news gathering organizations.

In news journalism, news items containing any mention of an application of Twitter tend to veer towards “soft news” in which the subject matter is, at best, distracting rather than potentially impactful upon the general public. This trend in news journalism tends to change around the time of serious crises or major events, where the coverage expounds upon how Twitter is being used by victims, participants or other parties involved with the event. Statistics are hardly presented as meaningful or necessary news items, compared to other television news segments such as “Sports”, “Weather”, “Business” and the occasional “Polls” which are subsumed under the general coverage of “Politics”.

However, this has gradually begun to change in light of the development of better tools and applications for the measurement of Microblogs. In particular, one of the more recent innovations on Twitter analytics has been the Dashboard, which has been applied by at least one organization.

Al Jazeera English’s Dashboard

Al Jazeera English, the English-language sister of the famed Doha-based cable channel, made a strong name for itself in its coverage of the 2010-2011 protests and internal regime changes in West Asia and North Africa, having kept its eyes and cameras trained on such densely-populated hotspots as Cairo’s Tahrir Square. However, such coverage only received its well-deserved boost in recognition and visibility through the usage of social media in order to promote its live streaming video of the channel. The organization bought a “Promoted Tweet” ad containing the hashtags “#Libya”, “#Yemen”, “#Egypt” and “#Tunisia” in order to propel readers to the AJE’s website.

The organization further elevated its harnessing of social media after the Egyptian government of Hosni Mubarak was replaced. Beginning in February, Al Jazeera English set up a Twitter Analytics dashboard which measures and graphically displays the frequency of tweets containing any mention of “Egypt”, “Libya”, “Bahrain” or “Yemen” in real time.

While not the first to create a Twitter analytics dashboard, it is one of the first news organizations to display such a sophisticated tool on its website as an aggregation of the public mindshare and interest concerning an ongoing event.

But is AJE’s real-time analytics dashboard a sign of things to come for news journalism, not just for means of reporting the news but also for sources of such news as well?

The Next Segment of “Numbers”

I can imagine that AJE, CNN or some other news organization will come to further enhance their Sci/Tech news desks and staff  in order to not only give reviews and observations on technology, but also numbers, graphics and hard data (or “The Numbers”) which can be aggregated from such sources as Twitter.

One such application of The Numbers for this newer incarnation of the Sci/Tech news desk is the aggregation and comparison of the top websites currently being linked (directly or indirectly) from Twitter posts. Another application is the “ReTweet value” of such links, or whether content hosted on the linked websites are more or less likely to be retweeted. Finally, yet another application of The Numbers is the zeitgeist of top terms and hashtags, their interrelationship with each other, and how they currently fare in comparison with other search terms.

When broadcast on specialty news channels, such information could be shown as a news ticker or “scorebar” in order to retain a constant flow of information to the viewing audience.

Why Pay Attention to these “Numbers”?

There is a growing body of reasons for why we should pay more attention to the Web as a focus of news and information.

For marketers, campaigners and other advocates, the Web as both a source and shuttle for mass media-oriented information is especially relevant; in search of the current “Cool” hotspot(s) of communication, seeking out the websites which are most frequently linked on social networking services and planting a subtle, attractive advertisement which can be spread in a viral manner is a gamble which has to be made carefully.

For individuals who are charged or employed to keep track of incoming messages being posted regarding a sensitive or timely issue, viewing which linked websites rank the highest in the number of incoming links provides a broader implications and effects of such events.

There are many more ways in which this Analytical data can be observed and used, and there is a greater opportunity for Sci/Tech news television to become better fleshed out and substantive. All thanks to Twitter and real-time social media analytics.